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Indoor/math/random/DrawWheel.h
2017-11-15 17:46:06 +01:00

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4.2 KiB
C++

#ifndef K_MATH_RANDOM_DRAWLIST_H
#define K_MATH_RANDOM_DRAWLIST_H
#include <vector>
#include "../distribution/Uniform.h"
/**
* add entries to a list and be able to draw from them depending oh their probability
*
* souces:
* https://www.udacity.com/course/viewer#!/c-cs373/l-48704330/e-48748082/m-48740082
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?list=PLpUPoM7Rgzi_7YWn14Va2FODh7LzADBSm&feature=player_detailpage&v=kZhOJgooMxI#t=567
*/
namespace Random {
/**
* this class represents one entry within a DrawWheel.
* such an entry consists of userData denoted by the template argument
* and a probability.
*/
template <typename Entry> struct DrawWheelEntry {
template <typename> friend class DrawWheel;
public:
/** the user data behind this entry */
Entry entry;
/** this entry's probability */
double probability;
public:
/** empty ctor */
DrawWheelEntry() : entry(), probability(0) {;}
/** ctor */
DrawWheelEntry(const Entry& entry, double probability) : entry(entry), probability(probability) {;}
};
/**
* a DrawWheel is a data-structure containing entries that have a
* probability assigned to them.
* using the draw() function one may draw from these entries according
* to their assigned probability in ~O(n)
*/
template <typename Entry> class DrawWheel {
private:
/** all entries within the DrawWheel */
std::vector<DrawWheelEntry<Entry>> entries;
/** is the current maximum valid? */
bool maxValid = true;
/** the maximum weight among all entries */
double curMax = 0;
/** the current index within the wheel */
int curIdx = 0;
/** the current offset at the wheel's index */
double curOffset = 0;
/** draw random numbers for the offset */
K::UniformDistribution dist;
public:
/** ctor */
DrawWheel() {;}
/** append a new entry to the end of the list */
void push_back(const Entry& entry, const double probability) {
entries.push_back( DrawWheelEntry<Entry>(entry, probability) );
if (curMax < probability) {curMax = probability;}
}
/** change the entry at the given position. ensure the vector is resized()! */
void set(const uint32_t idx, const Entry& entry, const double probability) {
entries[idx].entry = entry;
entries[idx].probability = probability;
maxValid = false;
}
/** resize the underlying vector to hold the given number of entries */
void resize(const uint32_t numEntries) {entries.resize(numEntries);}
/** clear all currently inserted entries */
void clear() {entries.clear();}
/** does the underlying vector contain any entries? */
bool empty() const {return entries.empty();}
/** the number of entries */
uint32_t size() const {return entries.size();}
/** call this once before drawing anything */
void init() {
// ensure the maximum number is correct
ensureMaxProbability();
// setup the distribution to draw a new offset
dist.reset(0, 2 * curMax);
// draw starting values
curIdx = K::UniformDistribution::draw( (int)0, (int)entries.size() - 1);
curOffset = dist.draw();
}
/** draw a random entry from the wheel */
Entry& draw() {
while(true) {
// found a suitable particle? use it and draw the next random number
if (entries[curIdx].probability >= curOffset) {
// next offset
curOffset += dist.draw();
// return
return entries[curIdx].entry;
// weight to small, subtract the elements weight and move on to the next element
} else {
// remove the current entries probability
curOffset -= entries[curIdx].probability;
// resume with the next one along the wheel
curIdx = (curIdx + 1) % ((int)entries.size());
}
}
}
private:
/** ensure the max probability is valid. if not -> calculate it */
void ensureMaxProbability() {
// valid?
if (maxValid) {return;}
// comparisen
const auto lambda = [] (const DrawWheelEntry<Entry>& e1, const DrawWheelEntry<Entry>& e2) {return e1.probability < e2.probability;};
// find the largest entry
const DrawWheelEntry<Entry> max = *std::max_element(entries.begin(), entries.end(), lambda);
this->curMax = max.probability;
// the max is now valid
maxValid = true;
}
};
}
#endif // K_MATH_RANDOM_DRAWLIST_H