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@@ -101,13 +101,14 @@ Nevertheless, Android app and offline application are both use the same C++ back
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%Sensor measurements are recorded using a simple mobile application that implements the standard Android SensorManager.
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The experiments are separated into five sections:
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At first, we discuss the performance of the novel transition model and compare it to a grid-based approach.
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At first, we discuss the performance of the novel transition model and compare it to our previous approach using a gridded graph structure.
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In section \ref{sec:exp:opti} we have a look at \docWIFI{} optimization and how the real \docAPshort{} positions differ from it.
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Following, we conducted several test walks throughout the building to examine the estimation accuracy (in meter) of the localization system and discuss the here presented solutions for sample impoverishment.
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\add{In section \ref{sec:eval:act} the threshold-based activity recognition is evaluated, providing a detection rate for the test walks utilized before.}
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Finally, the respective estimation methods are discussed in section \ref{sec:eval:est}.
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\subsection{Transition}
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\label{sec:exp:transition}
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\begin{figure}[t]
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\centering
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@@ -171,9 +172,9 @@ For example walking through a door, would result in a strong reduction of differ
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If the state evaluation is then used to assign weights to particles, the crucial problem of sample degeneracy often occurs.
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With a mesh, on the other hand, walkable destinations can also be located in a room behind a wall.
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In combination with the continues movement, this allows for a high versatility of particles even in such situations.
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Another method to fix the problems shown in fig. \ref{fig:transitionEval:d}, is by adding an activity recognition (walking up, down straight) or to incorporate a barometer.
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Nevertheless, in most cases it is an advantage if a sensor model delivers good results on its own, without further dependencies.
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For example, if a sensor is currently unavailable or damaged, the system is still able to provide prober results.
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Another method to fix the problems shown in fig. \ref{fig:transitionEval:d}, is by adding an activity recognition (walking up, down, straight) or to incorporate a barometer.
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Nevertheless, in most cases it is an advantage, if a sensor model delivers good results on its own, without further dependencies.
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For example, if a sensor is currently unavailable or damaged, the system is still able to provide proper results.
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Besides the advantages the mesh offers, it also has a few disadvantages compared to the graph.
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The computation time has increased due to the calculation of reachable destinations.
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@@ -299,6 +300,13 @@ In contrast, the $D_\text{KL}$-based method extends the transition and thus uses
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We set $l_\text{max} =$ \SI{-75}{dBm} and $l_\text{min} =$ \SI{-90}{dBm}.
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For a better overview, we only used the KDE-based estimation, as the errors compared to the weighted-average estimation differ by only a few centimeter.
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\addy{The same applies for an accuracy comparison between the graph-based model and the navigation mesh as part of the overall system.
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Both provide very similar localization errors regarding the conducted walks.
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This is not a big surprise, as the accuracy of the pedestrian’s position based on the estimated state and thus the complete posterior density (weighted particle set).
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It is obvious, that choosing a graph with a grid-size of e.g. \SI{2}{} x \SI{2}{\meter} would worsen the results.
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This leads to the statement, that the approximation error of walking alongside the edges of a (reasonable sized) gridded graph is small enough that it has no significant influence on the overall localization accuracy compared to a true continuous motion.
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Nevertheless, as shown in section \ref{sec:exp:transition}, the navigation mesh offers several major benefits by highly reducing the memory footprint.}
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\begin{table}[t]
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{rrrrcrrrcrrr}
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